* At the bottom of this page, you can link to older cards going back to 2001.
2025
FFFF
2025
222
222
(Any 3 Suits, Like Pungs 2s or 5s)
222
0000
222 5555
(Any 2 Suits)
2025
222 555
DDDD
(Any 3 Suits)
2468
FF
2222
+
4444
=
6666
-or-
FF
2222
+
6666
=
8888
(Any 3 Suits)
FFFF
2468
222
222
(Any 3 Suits, Like Pungs Any Even No.)
222 4444 666
88
88
(Any 3 Suits, Pairs 8s Only)
ANY LIKE NUMBERS
FF
1111 D
1111 D
11
(Any 3 Suits)
FFFF
11
111
111
11
(Any 3 Suits, Pairs Must Be Same Suit)
QUINTS
FF
111
2222
33333
(Any 3 Suits, Any 3 Consec. Nos.)
CONSECUTIVE RUN
QUESTION that gets asked a lot:
11 222 3333 444 55
-or-
55 66 777 888 9999 (Any 1 Suit, These Nos. Only)
FFFF 1111 22 3333
-or-
FFFF
1111
22
3333 (Any 1 or 3 Suits, Any 3 Consec. Nos.)
* A three-number run is a common feature of all mah-jongg variants except NMJL; it's often called a "chow." But you don't need to know this to play American (NMJL) mah-jongg, so don't read this.
13579
FFFF
1111
+
9999
=
10
(Any 2 Suits, These Nos. Only)
Besides, the flowers are also a kong, and flowers are suitless, so it would be a very lengthy parenthetical which would have to be printed in very small text.
FFF 135 7777 9999
- or -
FFF
135
7777
9999
(Any 1 or 3 Suits)
111 333 5555
DD
DD
- or -
5555 777 9999
DD
DD
(Any 3 Suits)
WINDS - DRAGONS
FF 123
DD
DDD
DDDD
(Any 3 Consec. Nos. in Any 1 Suit, Any 3 Dragons)
FFFF
DDD
NEWS
DDD (Any 2 Suits)
(Winds-Dragons #5 & #6)
NN EE WWW SSS DDDD
(Kong Any Dragon)
369
FF
3333
369
9999
(Any 2 Suits)
33 66 99
3333
3333
(Any 3 Suits, Like Kongs 3, 6, or 9)
33 66 99
3333
3333
SINGLES & PAIRS
FF
11 22
11 22
11 22
(Any 3 Suits, Any 2 Consec. Nos.)
11 33 55 77 99
11
11
(Any Like Odd Prs. In Opposite 2 Suits)
FF
2025
2025
2025
(Any 3 Suits)
DID YOU KNOW?
2025 and NEWS are not kongs!
(That means no jokers, and no exposure prior to mah-jongg.)
Didn't find what you were looking for in this FAQ? Check these links...
Copyright 2024 Tom Sloper. All rights reserved. The contents of this page and this website, including and not limited to text, graphics, and photos, may not be reproduced or published without written permission of the author. This site is not associated with the National Mah Jongg League.
(2025 #1)
My flowers have different numbers on them. Do the numbers have to match in that FFFF? There isn't a clarification on the card. Just FF or FFF or FFFF...
No. It's normal for flowers to look different from one another, with different numbers or letters or pictures. They are all just "Flower" in the American game, and they all "match" one another. If you want to know why the flowers are marked uniquely, see FAQ 19-CB.
Does the 2025 have to be in bams, since it's green?
No. Read the parenthetical. It says "Any 3 Suits." That's the League's way of saying that the 2025 can be from any suit, and the pungs of twos (or fives) have to be made from the other two suits.
Does that all-green 2025 mean I can use a green dragon as zero?
No. Read the card. Zero is white dragon ("soap"), always.
Does the 2025 have to be made in the suit of dots, since there's a soap in it?
No, of course not. Read the card: zeroes are suitless. That means the zero (the white dragon or "soap") can be used with any suit. Also read FAQ 19AE (click here).
Can I use a joker in the flower kong or the pungs of twos?
Yes, of course. The back of the card states that jokers may be used in ANY pung, kong, quint, or sextet.
The terms "pung" and "kong" and "quint" and "sextet" are also defined on the back of the card as 3 like tiles, 4 like tiles, 5 like tiles, and 6 like tiles respectively.
Can I use a pung of twos and a pung of fives?
No. Read the parenthetical. It says "Like Pungs 2s or 5s". That means you can use two pungs of twos, OR two pungs of fives.
(2025 #2)
The parenthetical says "Any 2 Suits," but the hand is shown in three colors. So the first pung of twos has to be dots? But it's green!
The first pung of twos can be any suit. The second pung of twos and the kong of fives can be any second suit. Zeroes are "suitless," like flowers and winds. See the red text at the top of the card.
Are the white dragons considered neutral as to suit? If so, could the second pung 222 and matching suit kong 5555 be all dots?
Yes. And yes.
(2025 #3)
Does the 2025 have to be made in bams?
No. The color-coding does not dictate suit. The 2025 can be any suit. Then the pungs of twos and fives can be either other suit. And the kong of dragons must be the third suit. The kong of dragons would be white only if the 2025 and the two pungs were in craks and bams.
This hand is impossible - it needs five soaps!
No, it doesn't necessarily. Color-coding does not dictate suit. The 2025 needs a soap, but the kong of dragons can be any dragon of any suit; and if you use soaps, you're going to need at least one joker. The pungs of twos and fives can be either suit not used for the dragons, and the 2025 has to be made in the leftover suit.
If the 2025 is made in bams, does the zero have to be a green dragon?
No. soap (white dragon) is the only tile that is ever used as zero. See the red text at the top of the card.
(2468 #2)
Is this another mistake, putting Addition Hands in 2468 (#2) and 13579 (#4)and 369 (#2)?
No, it's not a mistake. There's no need to think that every little perceived oddity is a mistake.
can you make a hand of four 4’s in one suit + four 4’s in another suit = four 8’s in the third suit?
No. The parenthetical does not say you may change the numbers, so, therefore, you may not change the numbers.
(2468 #4)
My card shows the hand in all one color, but it says in parens that there are 3 suits, so I'm confused!
There was a printing error on the large cards mailed out by the League in March. The League is now in the process of mailing corrected cards. Until you receive yours, you can mark the card to match the above (2468 in green, and the first 222 in red).
(2468 #6)
Can the suits be mixed up? That is, can the 2 pairs of 8s be of the same suit and the other 2 suits distributed between the 2s, 4s and 6s?
(2s of one, 4s and 6s of another. Or 2s and 4s of one, 6s of another)
No. The color-coding can't be messed with. The twos, fours, and sixes must all be in the same suit, and the pairs of eights must be in the other two suits.
On my card, I see fifteen tiles!
Then you are the second person to see that.
Someone on social media reported that printing error on a standard-size 2025 card, but that report has not been corroborated by someone else (until you did just now). No genuine NMJL card has 15 tiles in that hand. Where did you purchase your card? Maybe you have a fake card from Amazon or Temu?
(Any Like Numbers #1)
Do the dragons have to match the Kongs?
Yes. Where you see a color match, that means a suit match.
Do the dragons have to be red and green or can there be any two different dragons. Can it be green & soap?
Yes, it can be green and soap. Just make sure you have a kong of bams to go with green, and a kong of dots to go with soap.
(Any Like Numbers #2)
That must be another mistake, those two pairs. Is that a misprint like the massive number of misprints on this year's card?
I don't know why you say that's a misprint, and there isn't a "massive number of misprints." There were two confirmed misprints, and two alleged/unconfirmed misprints that two people reported on Facebook during the initial hysteria about the misprints.
But back to Any Like Numbers number two: Splitting a kong into two pairs ensures that you can't use jokers, increasing the difficulty, thus it's valued at 30 points rather than the usual 25. It's not a mistake.
Looking at FFFF 11 111 111 11. The pairs need to be the same suit. Can I pick the I bam as a Kong if discarded or can I only pick up for mah jongg?
The card does not dictate that 1 Bams are required. Those green "ones" on the card are any number, any suit. You need all four of that number in that suit to make two pairs, so you can't use jokers and you can't claim for exposure. You can claim for mah-jongg, assuming you already have a pair and a single of that number in that suit, and your kong of flowers, and two pungs of the same number, in the other two suits.
But the only way to get them is pick from the wall or you have them already or it’s the last pick for Mahjong.
Yep. It's difficult.
It's GOT to be a mistake!
Nope. It's clever design.
How about if I call a discard and expose a kong, then when I get the last tile and call mahj, I separate the exposed kong into two pairs?
Nope. Once you expose a kong, it stays a kong, and your hand would be regarded a false mahj.
(Quints #1)
Does the quint have to be the last of the consecutive numbers?
Yes, it does. Look at the structure: 2 tiles, 3 tiles, 4 tiles, 5 tiles. A rising number of tiles in each portion of the hand. Together with a 3-number consecutive run, the quint definitely has to be the high number.
Can I use zeroes in Consecutive Runs? Like
000 1111
222 3333
or
777 8888
999 0000?
No. The only place on the card where you are permitted to use zero is where the card shows a numeral "0".
Read FAQ 19-BH.
(Consecutive Run #1)
Can I make this hand with different numbers, like 4-5-6-7-8?
No. Read the parenthetical: "These Nos. Only."
(Consecutive Run #3)
So I was reading the parenthetical...
Hallelujah!
Wise guy. My question is, the phrase "Any 3 Consec. Nos." appears after the 3-suit version, and not after the 1-suit version. So does the 1-suit version have to be made with only 1s, 2s, and 3s?
No. The phrase "Any Run" applies to the whole line. The phrase applies to that hand either way, regardless of whether you make it with 1 suit or 3 suits.
Does the pair have to be the middle number, or...
Stop. Yes. The pair has to be the middle number of the 3-number run.
My card shows the hand in all one color, but it says in parens that there are 3 suits, so I'm confused.
There was a printing error on the cards mailed out by the League in March. The League is now mailing corrected cards. Until you receive yours, you can mark the card to match the above (for the three-suit version, mark 1111 in green, and the 22 in red).
FFF
123
4444
5555 (Any 3 Suits, Any 5 Consec. Nos.)
(Consecutive Run #4)
Can I use a joker in the "123"?
No, as explained below (and as explained on the back of the card), jokers may NEVER be used in place of a single tile.
Can I call the 123 chow?* Do I have to call it only from the player at my left?
It's impressive that you know Asian mah-jongg, but this is American mah-jongg. There is no such thing as "chowing" in this game. You can call a tile to complete the "123" only if it's for mah-jongg.
Can i have fff 567 3333 4444 (any 3 suits). In other words, do the kongs have to be in ascending order or do they just have to be consecutive numbers?
They have to be in ascending order, just as shown on the card. You don't have to use only 12345, but you can't mess with the order of things. The two kongs must follow consecutively from the three-number run.*
can it be FFFFF 444 444 567 (3 suits)?
No. The two kongs must follow consecutively from the three-number run.*
111 222 3333
DD
DD (Any 3 Suits, Any 3 Consec. Nos. w Opp. Dragons)
(Consecutive Run #6)
The parenthetical is impossible! There are only 3 suits, dragons included, so how can you have "any 3 suits" AND "opposite dragons"?
That's one way of interpreting the parenthetical, I suppose. But I imagine that most people will understand intuitively that the dragons are suits 2 and 3, opposite suits from the number run in suit 1.
112345
1111
1111 (Any 5 Consec. Nos., Pair Any No. In Run, Kongs Match Pair)
(Consecutive Run #7)
How is this hand to be made? I'm a new player, still learning.
Let's break down the parenthetical.
1. For the first suit (any suit) you need a 5-number run. Doesn't have to be 12345, can be 56789 for instance. "Any five consecutive numbers."
2. Then you need a second tile of any of the numbers in your run. Two identical tiles is called a "pair." So, that's a "pair of any number in the run."
3. Then you just need a kong of the same number in the second suit, and a kong of the same number in the third suit. The kongs have to match the pair (all made of the same number).
Does that help?
The colors on the card show 3 different suits but the wording doesn’t specify that requirement. Since the parenthetical doesn't say three suits, can it be made in two suits?
No. It's a three-suit hand because it's printed in three colors. The parenthetical (which is already pretty long) doesn't need to say that it's three suits since the color-coding says it all.
Can I claim a discard(not for MAJ) for the first expression in the hand- 112345?
I think the answer is NO. Because that expression is a group of singles with a pair.
Just checking!
Love your information!
You are correct! But for mahj, a single may be claimed, so if you have five of those six tiles (and your two kongs are complete), you can call mah-jongg if the sixth is discarded.
Can a joker be used in the sextet?
There's no sextet in this hand. A sextet is six identical tiles, which might look like "111111" for instance. "112345" is a 5-number run with one of the numbers paired, in other words four singles and a pair.
(13579 #4)
In odds 4th down can 1111+9999 be in dots and the 1 cracks or bams? With the 0 a dot?
Yes, the "one plus nine" part can be dots. Remember that (like it says in red text at the top of the card) when used as zero, soap is "suitless." So the 1 in the "ten" part of the equation can be any suit that you don't use for the "one plus nine" part.
Does the color of the soap match the color of the 1 next to it or is it a white soap tile? Please clarify.
The term "soap" is used for the white dragon only. White dragon is the only tile that can be used for a zero. It's "suitless," as it says in the red text at the top of the card. That means the 1 with the 0 can be any suit, not just dots.
Can the number one in the ten be any suit as long as it is a different suit from the 1111 and 9999? My friend thinks the number one can only be a dot and I disagree, since in this case the white dragon is neutral.
You've got it exactly right. The 1 in the 10 does not have to be a 1-dot tile. Zero is suitless, like it says in the red text at the top of the card. Besides: the parenthetical says "Any 2 Suits," which does not mean "dots and any other 1 suit." It means any 2 suits.
Can the 1111 be bams, the 9999 be dots, and the 10, be dots? I believe that would be 2 suits also. Another words, we do the 1111 and 9999 have to match?
No, the ones and nines may not be made in different suits. Look at the colors. The ones and nines are green - that means definitively that they must be the same suit.
Why are there a plus symbol and an equals sign in the hand? How do I make those?
Think of it as "one plus nine equals ten," not "one thousand one hundred eleven plus nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine." That wouldn't add up to ten. The symbols are just there to help make sense of the number pattern. You don't have to (and cannot) add a "plus" or "equals" to the 14 tiles when making the hand.
Shouldn’t it say in parentheses that the Kongs must match like it does in any like numbers #2, where it says pairs must match?
I suppose that would be helpful, if the text fits. There's no rule as to how every parenthetical should be written. I suppose the League believes that most of its members can see that the 1111 + 9999 is one color and the 10 is a separate color, and know that 2 colors means 2 suits.
(13579 #5)
Can a number from the 135 group be picked up if it is not for a Mahjongg call?
No. The only groupings that can be exposed from a discard are groups of three or more IDENTICAL tiles. So you can't call it, and you can't use a joker in it. "135" is just like NEWS and 2025. All singles. See the back of the card:
(13579 #6)
My card shows the hand in all one color, but it says in parens that there are 3 suits, so I'm confused.
There was a printing error on some of the cards mailed out by the League in March. The League promises to mail out corrected cards "in a few weeks."
In the meantime, you can mark the card to match the above (111 333 5555 in green, and the first dragon pair in red - and 555 777 9999 in green, and the first dragon pair in red).
It says any 3 suits with opposing dragons. The numbers are all the same color, dragons different. Is this another error on the large card, or am I not reading properly? Should it be any 1 suit with opposing dragons?
I suppose different people interpret words in different ways because English is such a complex language. It's a 3-suit hand. The numbers are one suit. The dragons are the other 2 suits. Red dragon goes with craks, green dragon goes with bams, and soaps go with dots. You could think of them as rubies, jade, and pearls.
(Winds-Dragons #2)
Does the Kong at the end of the line need to be the same suit as the chow at the beginning? I’m assuming that it is because it’s the same color but the parentheses information doesn’t clarify that.
No. The parenthetical says the 123 can be any suit, and you can use "Any 3 Dragons." That last phrase makes no literal sense (since there are only 3 dragons to choose your 3 dragons from) but the League has long used that phrase to mean "the dragons can be in any order." So this means that the "123" can match ANY dragon, the pair or the pung or the kong.
Can I use a joker in the "123"?
No! "123" is three singles. See "Did You Know?", below.
Can I call for a dragon for the Pung and/or the Kong before I have Mah Jongg? My thinking is I can but will you please clarify for me?
Yes. Because the hand is marked X (for eXposed) and not C (for Closed/Concealed), you may call for a discarded dragon for the pung or kong. If the hand was marked C, you may not call a discard (except for mah-jongg).
Am I correct in that I can call for a tile to complete my consecutive run but ONLY if I have Mah Jongg?
Yes, you may call for a single or pair for mah-jongg.
(Winds-Dragons #4)
Can I use soap dragons or do I have to use red and green dragons only?
The parenthetical says "any 2 suits," which tells you "no, it's not red and green only." Yes, you can use soaps for one of the pungs.
Can I use a joker in a NEWS since the tiles are bunched together like a kong?
No. This is explained below (search for "Did You Know" or click link).
I have a different question about NEWS...
That question, also, is answered below.
In reference to Lines 5 and 6 on the 2025 card under Winds & Dragons, is it only the Winds as printed for each line? For example, may I use East and West with Like Odd Numbers on line 5; and likewise, may I use North and South on line 6 with Like Even Numbers?
No, you may not. You have to use the winds indicated. North and South go with Odd numbers. East and West go with Even numbers. East = Even. That's the tradition on the NMJL card.
(Winds-Dragons #8)
it says Kong Any Dragon...
I'm assuming it must be all like Dragons, but when I first read it, I wondered if it was a mix of dragons. Am I just making things up again?
A kong is four IDENTICAL tiles. Never a mix.
(369 #4)
Must the two required Kongs be only a Kong of three and a Kong of nine as pictured on the card? If so, the card description does not state "these numbers only", implying a Kong of any two of the three principal numbers are acceptable.
Actually, the opposite principle holds sway - because there is no mention of flexibility in the parenthetical, you must use the numbers shown. If the hand was flexible, the parenthetical would so state.
Since it states any 2 suits then the kongs don’t have to match so one of the kongs can match any of the suits used for 369 as long as only 2 suits are used. Is this interpretation correct?
No. The threes and nines must be the same suit since they are shown in the same color on the card.
You must have:
● A pair of flowers (which are suitless);
● Kongs of threes and nines in one suit;
● 369 (three singles, not a pung) in any other suit.
You don't get to mess around with the color-coding.
(369 #5)
What does "like kongs 3, 6, or 9" mean?
It means that your two foursomes (kongs) don't have to be threes. You could use two kongs of sixes instead (or two kongs of nines).
33 66 99
6666
6666
33 66 99
9999
9999
So can I have, for instance, a kong of sixes and a kong of nines? Or, say, a kong of threes and a kong of nines?
No. The use of similar numbers
3333
3333 indicates that they are intended to be like numbers. And then there's the parenthetical, where it says "like kongs."
(S&P #4)
Can I make this with numbers other than 1 and 2? Like for instance 88 99 88 99 88 99?
Sure. The parenthetical says "any".
Can it be 22 33 55 66 44 55?
No. Wherever you see ones in that hand, you must use the same number (all "ones" must be the same number, any number from 1 to 8). Wherever you see twos in that hand, you must use your first number plus one (it can only be a number from 2 to 9). You will have 3 pairs (3 suits) of one number, and 3 pairs of the next sequential number.
Then how about 12 12 12 12 12 12?
Well... That's pretty much the same thing it shows on the card (you have two of each number in each suit). But your playing companions might insist you arrange them in proper pairs. (By the way: "12" is not a pair.)
But the last line in Consecutive Run specifically says Any SAME 3 consecutive nos., but this line doesn't use the word "SAME" so it surely doesn't need to be same in this one?
Interesting argument. But no. The League clearly means to use the same two consecutive numbers throughout.
Can I use zeroes, like for instance: 00 11 00 11 00 11?
You must be a programmer (only programmers think numerical sequences should begin with zero). The answer is no. Anyway, have you tried? It's impossible, since only soaps can be used for zeroes and you can't use jokers in Singles & Pairs.
(S&P #5)
What does "any like odd prs." mean?
It means that for the two pairs at the right, you don't have to use ones. You can use either ones, threes, fives, sevens, or nines.
Could I use a pair of, for instance, threes and a pair of sevens?
No. They have to be "like" (alike). Read
FAQ 19-AU.
What does "opposite 2 suits" mean?
That means that your two same-number pairs cannot be in the same suit as your 11 33 55 77 99.
(S&P #6)
Can I use a joker in A "2025"?
NO! "2025" is four singles. See "Did You Know?", below.
If I make this hand without jokers, can I earn double?
No. It's clearly impossible to use jokers, so there's no bonus. The points are already built into the hand's score.
This principle also applies to "2468" in 2468 hand #4 (a grouping of four singles) and the single-number runs in Consec. #4, Consec. #7, and Winds-Dragons #2, and any other single-tile groupings on the card... such as 13579 #5 and 369 #4.
Jokers may only be used in groups of 3 or more Like tiles, and only groups of 3 or more Like tiles (pungs, kongs, quints, sextets) may be exposed prior to mah-jongg.
Can I use a joker in a 2025 since the tiles are bunched together like a kong?
No. 2025 is not a kong. A kong is four like tiles. 2025 is not four like tiles, so you are not allowed to use jokers.
Read FAQ 19E (click here) and read the back of your NMJL card. Look for the word "NEVER" (in ALL CAPS, bold).
If a 2025 is not a kong, why aren't there spaces between the digits?
Don't you think it looks more natural without the spaces? Accept that a 2025 is not a kong, and move on.
Can I claim a discarded tile to expose a 2025?
Not unless it's for mah-jongg. Read FAQ 19-E (click here).
Can I use a joker in a NEWS since the tiles are bunched together like a kong?
No. NEWS is not a kong, same as a 2025 is not a kong (as explained
below). NEWS is four single tiles. Not a kong.
If a NEWS is not a kong, why aren't there spaces between the digits?
Don't you think it looks more natural without the spaces? Accept that a NEWS is not a kong, and move on.
Can I claim a discarded tile to expose a NEWS?
Not unless it's for mah-jongg. Read FAQ 19-E (click here).
What about 123 (as in Consec #6)?
That's not a pung. A pung is 3 like tiles. Read FAQ 19-E (click here).
123 is three singles; jokers cannot be used (and this grouping can only be exposed at the time of mah-jongg declaration).
The official rulebook, and a newsletter. Every table should have the official 2023 revised rulebook.
Every year, the League issues rule clarifications in its newsletter. Every person who buys the card
directly from the League receives a subscription to the newsletter, which is mailed every January.